政治隐喻探讨——以德语和汉语隐喻为例

On Political Metaphors:German and Chinese Metaphors as Example

隐喻用于政治在中国和西方国家自古有之,它们大都用来为治国、为政、劝君、政辩服务,用于揭露时弊、反映政党关系、描写政治斗争等。政治隐喻的种类很多,本文主要通过调查来源于疾病、交通、气候、战争和亲属等五个领域的隐喻,来揭示隐喻与政治之间的相似性与认知关系,并从认知语言学的角度探讨了政治隐喻作为概念隐喻在不同语言中的共性与特性。

Ever since ancient times, in both China and Western countries, metaphors have been employed in such areas as state affairs, administration, counseling, and debate. They are used to disclose misconducts, depict relations among political parties and political strife. Political metaphors have derived from many sources. The present paper investigates metaphors in relation to diseases, communications, climate, wars and kinship systems to demonstrate the cognitive relations between metaphor and polities. The commonalties and idiosyncrasies of political metaphor in different languages are also examined, from the porspective of cognitive linguistics.