元代江南社会、文化及民族习俗的流变——以蒙古、色目人的移民对江南社会的影响为中心

Vibration of Jiangnan Social Structure in Yuan Dynasty and Its Cultural Change

江南素来被认为是理学的重地、传统文化的堡垒,但这并不是说其文化的形成是单一的。大一统的元代是江南文化获取异质因素从而蓬勃发展的重要时期。由于蒙古民族在进入中原以前,已经具备相当的文化属性,统一中原后,出于政治的需要和文化本位主义的考虑,在现行的政策中很好地保存了蒙古民族和其他东迁的色目人的民族性。因为各种因素迁入江南的蒙古、色目人和汉族人共同杂居,蒙古、色目文化与江南文化全面接触,给江南文化带来了不同于以往的样式和更加丰富的内容。江南的礼俗文化对蒙古、色目人也产生了全面的影响。在文化的接触中,民族的界限渐渐消失,整个江南文化呈现出新的局面。这一时期江南文化的发展,给明清江南文化的发展提供了有力的支撑。

Jiangnan （southern part of Yangtze River） has always been considered as the key place of rational science, and the fortress of the traditional culture, yet its cultural formation is not simplex. During the time of Yuan Dynasty with great unification, Jiangnan culture obtained different factors, and its boom period came. In Yuan Dynasty, before the Mongolian entrance to the middle part of China, they had already been equipped with cultural features. After the unification of the middle China, because of their political need and cultural standard, when carrying out their policy, they properly preserved their Mongolian national features as well as those of the colored-eyed moving east. When their national culture connected with Jiangnan culture, Jiangnan culture became richer as well as with different forms, which caused the disappearance of the national boundary. The whole culture tended to differ from the past, while the national spirit reached a new period. The development of the culture in this period laid a good foundation for Jiangnan culture in Ming and Qing Dynasties.