晚清自治时期上海街头的警民冲突

On The Street Conflict in Shanghai between Policeman and Resident during the Autonomy Period of Late Qing Dynasty

晚清自治时期,自治官绅从租界引进了不少西方近代城市管理措施,以加强对居民日常行为的干预。但是,长期养成的旧习惯肯定非一日之功可以改变。于是,当租界当局、老城厢的自治士绅以警察强力推行新的行为规则时,国人仍以习惯行事,在租界街头就首先出现了居民与租界巡捕之间的暴力冲突;数十年后,曾经发生在租界街头的冲突又在老城厢重演,并成为当时老城厢居民生活中的一个值得注意的话题。在近代上海,不管是发生在19世纪后期租界街头的警民冲突,还是20世纪初在老城厢上演的街头闹剧,在某种程度上都反映了前近代与近代城市生活的差异,说明中国城市居民要适应近代城市生活,需要改变某些被视为理所当然的生活习惯,重新调适个人行为。在近代中国社会的急剧变革过程中,相对革命、立宪所导致的社会冲突而言,发生在人们生活领域中的冲突应该更能反映社会的变迁。

In order to strengthen the intervention for resident＇s daily behavior, the official and gentry introduced a lot of western modern city management measures from concession, but plenty of street conflicts occurred when policeman carried out these measure. These conflicts have reflected truly that the daily behavior of resident in Chinese cities was distinguish with modern city life. In the rapid transform process of modern Chinese society, the social conflict occurred in the sphere of people daily life can reflect the social changing more actually than that of occurred in revolution and constitutionalism movement.