土地空间分形结构的尺度转换特征

Scaling Character of Spatial Structure of Land Use

应用分形理论以及多元相关分析、灰色关联分析方法,分析浙江省慈溪市土地空间分形结构的尺度转换特征。结论为:①慈溪市、贵州省不同尺度分割区域的土地空间分形结构均客观存在,不因尺度不同而变化;②尺度转折点因尺度不同而出现,贵州省(省域尺度)土地利用存在尺度转折点,慈溪市(县域尺度)土地利用不存在尺度转折点;③不同尺度的慈溪市、贵州省土地空间结构的分维不仅主要受到土地类型本身几何属性的影响,而且其所受到的影响跨尺度存在;④尺度的差异造成不同影响因子的影响程度随尺度出现变化;平均图斑形状指数对慈溪市土地空间结构的分维影响最大,图斑数则对贵州省土地空间结构分维的影响最大。

In this paper, the fractal theory, multivariate regression analysis and grey relational analysis are applied to analyzing the spatial fractal character and its scale character of land use as a case study of Cixi City and Guizhou Province with scale of 1 ： 100 000 and 1 ： 1 000 000 respectively. The perimeter-area relationships of patches of different land types of Cixi City and Guizhou Province under different scales are established; the fractal dimensions of spatial structure of different scale regions of China are calculated. The fractal characters of land use structure in Cixi City and Guizhou Province are analysed, the relationships between fractal dimension of land spatial structure and patch number, average patch area and average patch shape index are established by multivariate regression analysis. It is indicated that patch number, average patch area and average patch shape index mainly influence the fractal dimension of spatial structure of land use, and the spatial fractal character of land use exists over scale. Based on the grey relational analysis, it is further found that patch number is the most important factor that influences the land fractal structure of Guizhou Province, and average patch shape index for Cixi City. Although the land spatial fractal structures of Cixi City and Guizhou Province are mainly influenced by the geometric characteristic of spatial pattern of land use.