透明性聚氨酯弹性体的合成

Synthesis of transparent polyurethane elastomer

采用预聚体法以不同的聚合物多元醇、异氰酸酯与1，4-丁二醇合成了透明聚氨酯弹性体，分析了异氰酸酯种类、n（-NCO）／n（-OH）（R值）、聚合物多元醇种类及分子质量、熟化时间和温度等对聚氨酯弹性体透明性、力学性能的影响。结果表明，采用脂肪族的IPDI，R值取1．02，硬段质量分数36．9％，相对分子质量1000～2000的聚四亚甲基二醇，熟化条件为130℃／3h时合成的PU弹性体具有较好的透明性和力学性能。

Transparent polyurethane elastomers were synthesized with different polymer polyols, diisocyanates and 1,4-dihydroxybutane by prepolymermethod. The effects of the type of polyether and polyester and their molecular weight,the diisocyanate type, the mole ratio of NCO and OH,the time and temperature of post curing on the transparence and mechanical properties of the polyurethane elastomers were particularly discussed. The results showed that when the mole ratio of NCO and OH was 1.02 ,rigid segment percent was 36. 9% and the condition of post cure was 130 ℃× 3 h,the polyurethane elastomers synthesized with isophorone diisocyanate and polytetramethylene glycol having a molecular weight between about 1 000 and 2 000 had better transparency and mechanical properties.