广州地区流行性出血热流行病学及临床特征分析

Epidemiological and clinical characteristic analysis of epidemic hemorrhagic fever cases in recent years in Guangzhou area

目的分析近5年来广州地区流行性出血热(EHF)的流行病学及临床特征,为防治该地区EHF流行提供科学依据。方法对广州地区某院近5年来收治的75例确诊为EHF患者的病历资料进行分析。结果广州地区EHF的发病季节呈平均分布,城市居民与农村居民发病率之比为1.08∶1;多数患者临床症状较轻,很少出现典型临床5期经过;白细胞升高及异型淋巴细胞增多的发生率较低,血小板降低发生率较高;尿常规异常发生率高,以尿蛋白阳性为主;器官损害发生率高,以肾脏、肝脏、心肌损害多见;轻型及中型病例多,重型、危重型病例较少。结论广州地区EHF的流行病学特征较10年前有较大差别,临床表现多不典型,易造成误诊、漏诊,应进一步加强对该病的认识,提高诊治水平。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of epidemic hemorrhagic fever （EHF） occurred in Guangzhou area in recent five years and to provide scientific study for the prevention and control of EHF. Methods Clinical data of 75 patients diagnosed as EHF in a hospital in recent five years were analyzed. Results The morbidity seasons of EHF in Guangzhou area distributed evenly. Morbidity between city and rural inhabitants was 1.08 ： 1. The clinical symptoms in most patients were slight, and had no typical five-stage symptoms of EHF; less incidence of increased total-WBC number and heteromorphic lymphocytes was recorded,as well as more incidence of decreased platelets. Most patients had abnormal results in routine urine examination, mainly presented as positive in urinary protein, and had damages in multiple organs such as kidney, liver and myocardium. Most cases were slight or moderate. Conclusion The epidemiological characteristics of EHF in Guangzhou area has changed significantly compared with the situations of ten years ago, most clinical manifestations are atypical. Further research should be carried out in order to enhance the level of diagnosis and treatment of the disease.