452例大肠癌的内镜及病理分析

Endoscopic and pathological analysis of 452 cases colorectal carcinoma

目的探讨大肠癌近年来的发病情况、病理特点及诊断方法。方法回顾性分析近5年来452例大肠癌的临床、肠镜及病理资料。结果452例大肠癌中,男276例,女176例,男女之比为1.57∶1.00。结肠癌230例,直肠癌222例,结直肠癌之比为1.04∶1.00,横结肠癌70例,乙状结肠癌50例,升结肠及盲肠癌47例,肝曲30例。病理为腺癌345例,黏液腺癌47例,低分化腺癌35例。结论近年来大肠癌发病趋上升,男性发病比女性多,直肠癌与结肠癌发病接近。结肠癌近年发病增加且超过直肠癌,男性以横结肠及近肝曲为主,女性以乙状结肠为主。距肛门5cm以上直肠癌较5cm以下为多。病理仍以腺癌为主。加强对高危人群的普查和肠镜检查,可提高大肠癌的早期诊断。

[Objective] To summarize epidemiological feature, pathological characteristics and diagnosis with 452 cases colorectal carcinoma. [Methods] Retrospective analyse clinical, endoscopic and pathological interrelatd information of 452 cases colorectal carcinoma within past 5 years. [Results] There were 276 cases males and 176 cases females. Males and females ratio is the 1.57：1, and 230 cases colon carcinoma, 222 cases rectum carcinoma, 70 cases colon transversum cancer, 50 cases colon sigmoideum, 47 cases colon ascendens and caecum cancer in 452 cases colorectal carcinoma. There were 345 cases adenocarcinoa, 47 cases mucoid adenocarcinoma, 35 cases low divided adenocarcinoa. [Condusion] Colorectal carcinoma is increasing in recent years. Males are more than females; colon carcinoma occurs more than rectum carcinoma; in colon carcinoma they are most on colon transversum（males） and colon sigmoideum （females）. In colorectal carcinoma they are most adenocarcinoa. It can increase the early diagnostic rate of colorectal carcinoma that the suitabale choice check methods.