高温粉尘致吸人性损伤气道冲洗的护理

The Airway Irrigated Nursing after Inhalation Injury by High Temperature Powder Dust

目的 探讨高温粉尘致吸入性损伤气道冲洗的护理方法。方法 对2000年-2005年收治的21例高温水泥粉尘烧伤伴吸入性损伤患者，采取认真做好入院急救的护理、及时安全的气道冲洗操作、保证呼吸道的通畅等综合措施。结果 综合措施对所有患者均有不同程度促进呼吸道内水泥粉尘及气道分泌物与脱落物的排出、减少CO2潴留和降低肺部感染发生等作用。其中13例治愈，5例并发创面脓毒症（Sepsis）或多脏器功能障碍（MODS）自动出院，3例并发急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）于伤后15-36d死亡。结论 早期气管切开后气道反复冲洗是提高吸入性损伤的治愈率有效的治疗手段。

Objective To discuss the airway irrigated nursing after inhalation injury by high temperature powder dust. Methods To summary the nursing circumstances about 21 patients suffering inhalation injury by high temperature powder dust from 2000 to 2005, to take the best nursing of hospitalization emergency treatment, and to give the prompt and safe service about airway irrigation. Results 13 patients were healing well, 5 patients left hospital automatically because of the complication such as septicemia or MODS, and 3 patients died of ARDS after injury during 15 to36 days. Conclusion iterative irrigation, sputum suction, airway humidification and atomization inhalation after incision of trachea in the earlier period are effective therapeutic tools.