国产全氟辛烷对动物视网膜毒性作用的试验研究

Experiment study on retinal toxicity of perfluoroctane

目的观察国产全氟辛烷对兔视网膜组织结构的影响。方法健康纯种新西兰白兔22只,实验组18只兔眼玻璃体切割术后玻璃体注入全氟辛烷1.5ml,对照组4只兔仅将灌注液BSS保留于玻璃体腔,手术后定期裂隙灯、间接检眼镜检查,处死动物行组织学和透射电镜检查。结果全氟辛烷在玻璃体腔内形成单个透明泡,随时间推移逐渐出现乳化现象,造成晶状体后囊轻微混浊。实验组兔眼组织学检查,手术后2周可见视网膜外层状层及外核层细胞的内外节萎缩改变,电镜可见外颗粒细胞内节线粒体结构紊乱,3周可见视网膜全层结构萎缩,内外核层细胞核数量明显减少,电镜可见内外核层细胞及神经节细胞核变形。结论全氟辛烷玻璃体内填充对视网膜毒性作用较大,不宜作为眼内填充物。

Objective The perfluoroctane is a compound with the features of viscid, hypokinasia and high specific density and is widely used in complex retinal detachment surgery. In this paper,we carried out an animal experimentation to observe the effect of domestic manufactured perfluoroctane on retina in rabbit eyes. Methods Twenty-two healthy New Zealand albino rabbits were divided into two groups. 1.5 ml perfluoroctane was intravitreally injected after vitrectomy in 18 rabbit eyes in experimental group,and balanced salt solution was injected at a same way in 4 eyes of the control group. Slitlamp biomicroscope and indirect funds microscope examinations were performed regularly after operation. Electron microscope was utilized for retinal histological examination after operation. Results A single transparent perfluoroctane bubble can be seen in vitreous cavity after intraocular injection, and emulsification of perfluoroctane occurred with time-lapse, resulting in the slight opacity of posterior lens capsular. Histological examination showed that the atrophy in outer plexiform layer （OPL） and inner and outer segments of outer nuclear layers（ONL） was found at 2 weeks after surgery in experimental groups. Mitochondria structure of inner segment in ONL and the atrophy of whole layers of retina were seen 2 weeks after operation, and the deformation of cellular nuclear was found in inner nuclear layer （INL） , ONL and ganglion cell layer at 3 weeks. The numbers of cellular nucleus were obviously decreased in experimental group under the electron microscope analysis. Conclusion Intravitreal perfluoroctane can induce retinal toxicity, indicating a harmful effect to ocular tissue in long-term intraocular tamponade.