单纯疱疹性角膜炎的免疫发病机制

Immunopathogenesis of herpes simplex keratitis

相关的动物模型研究表明,单纯疱疹性角膜炎(HSK)的转归取决于3种相互作用的因素,即宿主固有免疫的基因组成、适应性免疫、病毒的种属。HSK的发病依赖于病毒复制。眼内自身抗原的分子模拟机制可引起自身免疫反应。此外,炎性分子可能通过旁活化的方式激活T细胞,Toll样受体对病毒抗原的免疫识别在炎症反应中发挥重要作用。不同种属的特定病毒基因组成也是影响角膜病变的重要因素。就单纯疱疹性角膜炎的多种免疫机制学说做一综述。

Studies with animal models have revealed that prognosis of herpes simplex keratitis depends on three interacted factors ：the gene of innate host resistance, the host adaptive immune response and the strains of virus determine the outcome of herpes simplex keratitis. The induction of herpes simplex keratitis relies on viral replication. The molecular mimicry mechanism of ocular autoantigens serves to drive the chronic autoimmune process. Moreover, inflammatory molecules may be involved in a bystander activation of T ceils in ocular HSV infection. Toll-like receptors recognition of viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns plays an important role in the inflammatory response. In addition, specific viral gene products of particular strains are also critical to the outcome of infection. This article reviews several processes of the immunopathogenesis of herpes simplex keratltis.