天津市农村居民超重与肥胖现况分析

Analysis of Current Status on Overweight and Obesity of Rural Residents in Tianjin

目的对2004年天津市农村居民健康体检的3 202 962名农村居民进行超重和肥胖及其影响因素分析,为降低农村居民的超重和肥胖率,减少各种慢性疾病的危险因素提供依据。方法将天津市2004年农村居民健康体检人群分为3个年龄组,7岁以下年龄组应用Z评分法,7～17岁年龄组应用中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体质指数值分类标准,18岁以上应用中国成人超重、肥胖筛查标准,对农村居民身高、体重的人群和地区分布作一分析,经人口标化后与全国2002年居民营养与健康状况调查一类农村的结果进行比较。结果0～6岁儿童的超重率为5.48%,肥胖率为12.76%,;7～14岁儿童的超重率为11.97%,肥胖率为9.30%;15岁及以上人群的超重率为26.70%,肥胖率为13.62%。天津市各组农村居民的超重、肥胖率均高于全国一类农村水平。通过多因素分析发现,影响天津市农村居民超重肥胖的因素有年龄、性别(女性肥胖率明显高于男性)、地区、文化程度(文化程度越低,肥胖率越高)、饮酒。结论超重肥胖已成为天津市农村地区普遍存在的、严重的公共卫生问题。预防与控制超重肥胖应成为农村地区防治慢性病的关键之一。

Objective To analyze the current situation of obesity and overweight and its affected factors in Tianjin residents, based on the data of the health examination of 3,202,962 rural residents in 2004. Methods The data were divided into three groups according to age. For the overweight and obesity diagnosis, the group below 7 years adopted Z score method; the 7-17 yr group took the China classification standard of overweight and obesity screening weight index value for school-age children ＆ adolescence; and the 〉18 yr group adopted the screening standard of overweight and obesity for Chinese adults. While made a comparison with the results of Class I Village of National Nutrition and Health Situation Investigation in 2002 after the data adjusted with population standardization. Results Overweight rate of 0-6 yr children was 5.48% and obesity rate was 12.76%; overweight rate of 7-14 yr children was 11.97% and obesity rate was 9.30%; overweight rate of over 15 yr group was 26.70% and obesity rate was 13.62%. The overweight rate of all groups in Tianjin was higher than that of the national level. The multivariate analysis showed that the affected factors for overweight and obesity of rural residents included age, gender （female obesity rate was obviously higher than the male＇s）, region, education level （the lower the education level, the higher the obesity rate）, smoking and drinking alcohol. Conclusion Overweight and obesity had become a popular and serious public health problem, and had become an important risk factor for some children and adolescence health. To prevent and control Overweight ＆ obesity should be one of the key issues of chronic diseases prevention in rural area.