人骨骼肌醛缩酶的间接碘化标记及对肝、胃疾病的检测

Radioimmunoassay For Human Skeletal Muscle Aldolase and Clinical Application

本文用间接碘化蛋白质法标记提纯的人骨骼肌醛缩酶［ＡＬＤ（Ａ）］，并用自建的放射免疫分析检测肝、胃病患者血清ＡＬＤ（Ａ）．结果表明，肝炎、肝硬化和十二指肠溃疡患者血清ＡＬＤ（Ａ）含量均在正常范围内，而胃癌和肝癌组血清ＡＬＤ（Ａ）水平显著高于正常组（ｐ分别为Ｐ＜０．０５，ｐ＜０．０１）．说明ＲＩＡ检测血清ＡＬＤ（Ａ）对于鉴别肝、胃良恶性疾患具有一定的诊断价值。ｐ＜０．０１ＡＬＤ（Ａ）的标记进行了改进，采用间接碘化法。该法分二步进行：第一步制备１２５Ｉ－ＢＨ试剂，第二步将该试剂通过酰胺键与ＡＬＤ（Ａ）的末端氨基相连，制得１２５Ｉ－ＡＬＤ（Ａ）。这种间接碘化蛋白质标记法，大大减低了蛋白质与氧化剂、还原剂和放射性碘之间的化学作用，减少了对抗原的损伤。从标记结果看，１２５Ｉ－ＢＨ对ＡＬＤ（Ａ）抗原的化学结构和免疫特性的影响不大，制得的１２５Ｉ－ＡＬＤ（Ａ）符合ＲＩＡ的要求。ＡＬＤ（Ａ）以果糖－１，６－二磷酸为主要底物，是鼠肝癌组织和人肝细胞癌中的主要ＡＬＤ同工酶，其它二种同工酶：ＡＬＤ（Ｂ）和ＡＬＤ（Ｃ）分别存在于正常肝组织和脑组织中，因此放免测定ＡＬＤ（Ａ）比测定总ＡＬＤ活力及其它二种同工酶更具临床意义。我们应用自建?

A radioimmunoassay for human skeletal muscle aldolase (A) was developed with indirect iodination of the enzyme. The serum levels of ALD (A) were within the normal range in patients with viral hepatitis, cirrhosis and duodenal ulcer, while those of patients with gastric carcinoma and primary hepatocellular carcinoma were significantly higher (p<0. 05 or 0. 01).The results show that RIA for serum ALD (A) has clinical impact in the differential diagnosis between malignant and non-maliguant diseases of the stomach and the liver.