改善本科教育中慢性病的教学

Improving the Teaching of Chronic Diseases in Undergraduate Medical Education

医学教育必须适应疾病谱的转变以及医疗卫生需求的变化，为未来的临床实践作好准备。本科教育阶段医学生获得的多是处理急性病的知识和技能，在实际工作中许多毕业生面对的主要健康问题是对慢性病患者的有效评估和管理，医学院校获得的知识和技能并不能充分满足这种需求，必须在教学中加强对医学生这种特殊的知识和技能的培养，采取改变急、慢性疾病教学的策略，包括将临床教学转向社区、疗养机构和开展学科间的交叉教学。本文探讨了管理慢性病患者时未来医生所面临的问题，并尝试提出了解决这种问题的方法。

Medical. education must adapt to the changes of disease spectrum and the needs of health care, and should prepare students for future clinical practice. Undergraduate education focuses on the knowledge and skills in acute diseases; however, many graduates spend their working lives in the community and primary healthcare settings, dealing mainly with chronic health problems. Therefore, medical students need to acquire specific knowledge and skill training. Strategies that create a better balance between education in acute and chronic diseases should be developed. These include a transfer of clinical teaching to community and nursing home settings and the development of interdisciplinary teaching. In this article we discuss the problems that future doctors will face and bring forward some solutions.