非乳用山羊乳蛋白结构基因座遗传多态性研究

Genetic Polymorphism of Structural Loci of Milk Protein in Non-dairy Type Goats

为了解非乳用山羊不同群体编码乳蛋白结构基因座的遗传多态性,揭示不同群体间的遗传关系。采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)技术,分析中国9个非乳用山羊群体共316只个体编码乳蛋白(酶)7个结构基因座的遗传多态性,并基于5个结构基因座等位基因频率计算Nei氏遗传距离,以UPMGA法作聚类分析。研究结果表明,9个山羊群体中,编码乳蛋白(酶)的-κCN,-βCN,sα1-CN,αs2-CN,-βLg,SA和LDH7个结构基因座在PAGE上均呈现出不同程度的遗传多态性;9个山羊群体中在-κCN,-βCN,αs2-CN,-βLg和SA5个结构基因座上的平均基因一致度、平均基因杂合度和平均有效等位基因数分别为0.335 0,0.655 2和1.819 9。基于-κCN,-βCN,αs2-CN,-βLg和SA5个结构基因座的等位基因频率计算Nei氏遗传距离,以UPMGA法可将中国9个非乳用山羊群体划分为2大类。非乳用山羊群体中,乳蛋白结构基因座是1个遗传多样性相对丰富的系统;乳蛋白结构基因座在非乳用山羊群体划分中具有较强的代表性。

The objective of this experiment was to understand the genetic polymorphism of structural loci encoding milk protein in different Chinese non-dairy type goat populations, to reveal the genetic relationship among those goat populations, Genetic polymorphism of 7 structural loci encoding milk protein（enzyme） of 316 individuals from 9 Chinese non - dairy type goat populations was analyzed by PAGE, and the clustering of these goat populations was researched based on the allele frequency of 5 structural loci encoding milk protein. In 9 goat populations, κ-CN , β-CN , αx1 -CN , αx2 -CN , β- Lg, SA and LDH 7 structural loci encoding milk protein（enzyme） took on different extent genetic polymorphism on PAGE gel. The mean gene homozygosity, mean gene heterozygosity and mean number of effective allele is 0. 335 0,0.655 2 and 1. 819 9 based on the gene frequency of κ-CN, β-CN, αs2-CN, β-Lg ,and SA, respectively. The 9 Chinese goat populations were classified as 2 groups based on the gene frequency of κ-CN, β-CN, αs2-CN,β-Lg, and SA .In 9 Chinese non-dairy type goat populations, the structural loci encoding milk protein were relatively abundant system of genetic diversity;we think that structural loci of encoding milk protein have a relatively strong representation in the classification of non-dairy goat populations.