端粒酶逆转录酶基因修饰人骨髓间质干细胞的实验(英文)

Gene expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

背景:人骨髓间充质干细胞经过有限次的细胞传代后,就会停止增殖,发生衰老和死亡。有研究表明,端粒与细胞寿命的控制密切相关,是否可通过外源性人端粒酶逆转录酶基因的异位表达,诱导人骨髓间充质干细胞的端粒酶活性,维持端粒长度的稳定,从而延长人骨髓间充质干细胞的生命周期并保持其多潜能分化特性?目的:观察外源性人端粒酶逆转录酶基因的异位表达对人骨髓间质干细胞端粒酶活性及细胞生命周期的影响。设计:重复测量实验。单位:郑州大学医学院干细胞研究中心。材料:实验于2003-10/2005-12在郑州大学医学院干细胞研究中心完成。人骨髓间质干细胞采自郑州大学第一附属医院及第三附属医院小儿外科和门诊20名健康志愿者。增强型绿色荧光蛋白-C1质粒和增强型绿色荧光蛋白-人端粒酶逆转录酶质粒由加拿大Dr.ChantalAutexier馈赠。DH5α菌株由郑州大学医学院重点分子医学实验室侯卫红博士馈赠。方法:无菌条件下,抽取健康志愿者胸骨骨髓2mL,经离心、洗涤及传代培养后备用。①阳离子脂质体转染及阳性克隆的筛选和扩增结果:将第5代人骨髓间充质干细胞接种至24孔培养板中,将携带有增强型绿色荧光蛋白报告基因和人端粒酶逆转录酶目的基因的质粒pEGFP-人端粒酶逆转录酶通过脂质体转染法转入人骨髓间充质干细胞中,转染共分4组:正常对照组、脂质体组、增强型绿色荧光蛋白-C1质粒组、增强型绿色荧光蛋白-人端粒酶逆转录酶质粒组,并用G418筛选法进行抗性克隆的筛选与扩增。②人骨髓间充质干细胞转染前后人端粒酶逆转录酶mRNA的表达及端粒酶活性的检测:通过RT-PCR和PCR-ELISA对选用转染增强型绿色荧光蛋白-人端粒酶逆转录酶质粒的第5代人骨髓间充质干细胞(以下简称为转H人骨髓间充质干细胞第5代)、转染增强型绿色荧光蛋白-C1质粒的第5代人骨髓间充质干细胞(以下简称为转C人骨髓间充质干细胞第5代)、未转染的第10代人骨髓间充质干细胞、K562细胞(阳性对照)转染前后人端粒酶逆转录酶mRNA的表达情况,对转H第5及30代人骨髓间充质干细胞、转C第5代人骨髓间充质干细胞及未转染的第10代人骨髓间充质干细胞端粒酶活性的影响进行检测。③转H人骨髓间充质干细胞染色体核型分析:采用胰蛋白酶-Giemsa染色法转H人骨髓间充质干细胞染色体核型分析。④转H人骨髓间充质干细胞定向诱导分化为神经元样细胞及RT-PCR鉴定:将转染细胞在重组人表皮生长因子和碱性成纤维生长因子的联合诱导下向神经元样细胞定向诱导分化,并用RT-PCR进行鉴定(蛋白微管相关蛋白和神经丝亚单位M表达)。主要观察指标:①不同转染组阳离子脂质体转染及阳性克隆的筛选和扩增结果。②不同转染组人端粒酶逆转录酶mRNA的表达及端粒酶的活性。③转H人骨髓间充质干细胞染色体核型分析结果。④转H人骨髓间充质干细胞定向诱导分化为神经元样细胞及RT-PCR鉴定结果。结果:①随G418浓度的下降,正常对照组、脂质体组细胞全部死亡,从而得到稳定表达增强型绿色荧光蛋白的骨髓间充质干细胞;经G418加压筛选后得到1个连续传到第35代且生长旺盛的抗性细胞克隆,倒置显微镜下观察与未转染人骨髓间充质干细胞相比无明显差异。②转C第5代人骨髓间充质干细胞和未转染第10代人骨髓间充质干细胞的人端粒酶逆转录酶mRNA表达阴性,而K562和转H第5代人骨髓间充质干细胞的人端粒酶逆转录酶mRNA表达阳性。③转H第5代人骨髓骨髓间充质干细胞组和转H第30代人骨髓间充质干细胞端粒酶为阳性。④转H人骨髓间充质干细胞第10,20,30代的染色体总数均为23对,且含2条X性染色体,仍为正常2倍体,染色体形态和数目均正常。⑤较多转H人骨髓间充质干细胞出现了典型的神经元样形态,且经RT-PCR检测表明,神经元特征性蛋白微管相关蛋白和神经丝亚单位M表达增强。结论:外源性人端粒酶逆转录酶基因可以在人骨髓间充质干细胞中获得异位表达,并能诱导人骨髓间充质干细胞的端粒酶活性。外源性人端粒酶逆转录酶基因的异位表达不仅可以使人骨髓间质干细胞的寿命明显延长而且不影响其维持干细胞的多向分化潜能特性。

BACKGROUND： Human mesenchymal stem cells （hMSCs） become aging and even die after several passages. Some investigations have shown that telomere has a close correlation with life span of the cells. Whether the ectopic expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase （hTERT） could induce the activity of the telomerase, maintain the length of telomere, and finally prolong the life cycle of MSCs without losing their multipotent differentiation capacity is still uncertain. OBJECTIVE： To observe the influence of the ectopic expression of hTERT on the telomerase activity and cell life cycles of hMSCs. DESIGN ： Repetitive measurement trails SETTING： Research Center of Stem Cell, Zhengzhou University Medical College MATERIALS： The experiment was conducted in the Research Center of Stem Cell, Zhengzhou University Medical College from October 2003 to December 2005. hMSCs were obtained from 20 healthy donators from the Department of Pediatric Surgery and Outpatient, the Third and First Affiliated Hospitals of Zhengzhou University. Enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmid （pEGFP-C1） and pEGFP-hTERT were provided by Dr. Chantal Autexier of Canada. DH5α strain provided by Dr. Hou Wei-hong, the Key Molecular Medical Laboratory of Zhengzhou University Medical College. METHODS： Under sterile condition, 2 mL bone marrow of sternum of healthy donors were harvested, and prepared after centrifugalization, dilution and passage. ① Transfection of pEGFP-hTERT into hMSCs and the screening and amplification of resistance cloning： The 5^th passage cells were seeded in a 24-well plate, and transfected by pEGFP-hTERT with lipofectamine method. The cells were divided into four groups including untransfected group, lipofectamine group, pEGFP-C1 group and pEGFP-hTERT group. Resistance cloning screen and amplification was performed by G418. ②hTERT mRNA expression and detection of telomerase activity： RT-PCR and PCR-ELISA were used to detect the hTERT mRNA expressions of the fifth passage hMSCs transfected with pEGFP-hTERT, and pEGFP-C1, the untransfected tenth passage hMSCs and K562 cells （positive control）, and the telomerase activity of the fifth and thirtieth passage hMSCs transfected with pEGFP-hTERT, the fifth pEGFP-Cl-transfected cells and the tenth passage untransfected cells. ③Karyotype analysis of hTERT-transfected MSCs： Chromosome analysis was performed by conventional Giemsa staining.④Inducement of differentiation from telomerase-positive MSCs into neuron-like cells and RE-PCR identification： The transfected MSCs were cultured in a medium containing epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor, which could induce the cells differentiate into neuron-like cells. The culture solution was changed every 3 days, and the changes in cell growth condition and morphologic characteristics were observed under an inverted microscope. The microtubule associate protein （MAP2） and neurofliament subunit M （NF-M） were identified by RT-PCR. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： ①hMSCs transfection with different kathion liposomes and the screening and amplification of resistance cloning; ②hTERT mRNA expressions of each group and detection of telomerase activity; ③Karyotype analysis of pEGFP-hTERT-transfected MSCs; ④Induction of differentiation from telomerase-positive MSCs into neuron-like cells and RE-PCR identification. RESULTS： ①With the decrease of G418 concentration, the cells in the untransfected and lipofectamine groups died, and stably-EGFP expressed MSCs were obtained; after G418 screening, there was a cell clone undergone 35 passages and continued to proliferate, whose appearance and growth characteristics were similar to the untransfected MSCs observed under inverted microscope. ②The fifth passage pEGFP-C1-transfected hMSCs and tenth passage untransfected hMSCs remained telomerase-negative, but the K562 and fifth passage hTERT-transfected cells showed positive telomerase activity. ③The telomerase activity of the fifth and thirtieth passage hTERT-transfected cells was positive. ④The hTERT-MSCs at passage 10, 20 and 30 had 23 pairs of chromosomes, and two X chromosomes. So they were still normal diploid with normal chromosome appearance and number. ⑤Many hTERT-transfected MSCs had the typical appearance of neuron-like cells. RT-PCR analysis showed that the expressions of MAP2 and NF-M were increased. CONCLUSION： Ectopic expression of the hTERT gene hMSCs. The ectopic expression of the hTERT gene in mulUpotent differentiation capacity. s found in hMSCs, and can induce the telomerase activity of hMSCs could extend the life spans of cells and maintain their