三维地震勘探解释煤层地质异常体的应用

Application of 3D Seismic Prospecting in Coal Seam Geological Anomalous Body Interpretation

三维地震勘探在控制煤层赋存形态方面已取得了令人满意的效果,但矿井高产高效地质保障系统需要准确圈定“无煤带”、陷落柱、老窑采空区、煤层露头等地质异常体。通过河北、辽宁、河南等地煤矿采区三维地震勘探实例,介绍了确定煤层地质异常体采用的方法:结合钻孔资料进行正演地震模型试验．掌握地质异常体地震剖面特征,进行三瞬处理,研究振幅异常与地质现象的对应关系,更重要的是在地震资料解释方面,要充分利用已知地质资料,依据各种地质现象在地震时间切片(垂直切片和等时切片)、顺层切片、方差体切片上的识别特征解释各种地质异常体。

To use 3D seismic prospecting in control of coal seam occurrence form has demonstrated its satisfying effects, but for a mine＇s high yield, high efficiency geological guaranteeing system still need to determine geological anomalous bodies of ＂ barren zone＂, subsided column, gob area and coal seam outcrop etc. with accuracy. Through some winning district 3D seismic prospecting case studies in Hebei, Liaoning and Henan, the paper introduced methodology of coal seam geological anomalous body determining. That is to use drilling data carry out forward seismic modeling to control of anomalous body seismic section characteristics, carry out ＂three instantaneous＂ processing to study the corresponding relation between amplitude anomaly and geologic phenomena. Still the seismic data interpretation is more important, to take full advantage of known geological data, according to various geologic phenomena identifying characters on seismic time slices （both vertical and horizontal）, bedding slice, variance body slice etc. interpret various geological anomalous bodies.