高相对分子质量阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺合成工艺的研究

Study on synthetic technics of high molecule weight of cationic polyacrylamide

以丙烯酰胺(AM)和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)为单体,采用溶液聚合法制备DMDAAC-AM共聚物。用正交实验法考察了引发剂用量、温度、单体配比、pH等因素对共聚物阳离子度、特性黏度,以及相对分子质量的影响。结果表明,温度为70℃,pH=8,引发剂量为4 mL,DMDAAC∶AM(质量比)=1∶1时,得到的阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)的相对分子质量最大。用所制得的CPAM对高岭土模拟悬浊水样进行的絮凝实验,发现相对分子量为1.73×106的CPAM的絮凝效果最好,浓度为0.05%的CPAM溶液仅用0.4 mL便可使浊度为22.4的皂土悬浮液的浊度去除率达到85.8%。

Cationic polyaerylamides based on aerylami （AM） and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride （DMDAAC） have been synthesized in aqueous solution. The effect of dosage of initiator, temperature ,the ratio of AM to DMDAAC, pH value on the intrinsic viscosity, cationic degree and relative mass of molecule were studied by orthogonal test. The result indicates that when the temperature is 70 ℃, pH value is 8, the dosage of initiator is 4 mL and DMDAAC/AM is 1： 1, the mass of relative molecule is the highest one. At the same time, through the floeeulation experiments of using the cationic polyaerylamides synthesized disposing of the model bentonite suspension, the cationic polyaerylamide which the mass of relative molecule 1.73 × 10^6 is the best floeeulant. It can make the turbidity for 22.4 of the bentonite suspension decline to 3.18 ,using 0.4 mL of the aqua of 0.05% CPAM and the removal rates of turbidity is 85.80%.