试析塑造俄国女皇叶卡特琳娜二世的历史因素

Analysis of the Historical Factors Created Catherine Ⅱ

沙皇叶卡特琳娜二世在俄国历史上占有重要地位,然而,将其置于近代世界历史进程中予以评价则颇生争议。只有摈弃片面的或出于俄国民族主义的“霸道”情结的赞美,或立足资产阶级发展和殖民地、半殖民地人民的“革命”情境的诘责方能得出符合事实的结论来。塑造叶卡特琳娜二世的历史因素既与开明专制时期特定历史条件有关,也同封建专制制度的内在规定性相连,还和影响女皇个人性格特征的因素分不开。

The Czar Catherine Ⅱ occupies an important position in Russian history, however, it is controversial to identify her with the Modem World history. Only by discarding the praise out of one - sided or the Russian nationalist ＂hegemony＂ and the censure based on the development of the bourgeoisie, the colonial and the semicolonial people＇s ＂revolution＂ , could we draw fight conclusions. The historical factors which Created Catherine Ⅱ are relevant to the specific historical conditions of the enlightened authoritarian period, and also link to the internal rules of the feudal autocratic system. In addition, they are inseparable from the factors affecting the Queens personal Character.