晋南土壤质地、耕作方式及茬口对小麦播前土壤贮水量的影响

Influence of Soil Texture,Tillage Practices and Stubble on Water Storage Content before Wheat Sowing in South of Shanxi Province

在山西临汾、襄汾采用大区对比法研究了土壤质地、耕作方式及茬口对小麦播前土壤贮水量的影响。结果表明：夏闲制不同土壤质地的传统土壤耕作方式,小麦播前0-200cm的各主要土壤层面的贮水量为中粘土〉中壤土〉轻壤土;夏季复播制的土壤质地和复播作物对小麦播前贮水量的影响以土壤质地〉复播作物种类;夏闲制不同土壤耕作方式的小麦播前贮水量以浅旋灭茬〉免耕〉隔行深松〉传统耕作〉全耕层深松。不同春播作物茬口小麦播前的贮水量以地黄茬贮水量最高,其次为丹参茬,棉花茬较差。该项研究为小麦播前土壤贮水量的恢复选择夏季复播制的土壤质地、夏闲制合理的土壤耕作方式和春播作物茬口提供了理论依据。

Influence of soil texture, tillage practices and stubble on water storage content before wheat sowmg was studied by using the method of contrast in Linfen and Xiangfen, Shanxi province. The results showed that water storage content of every main soil layer covered from 0 to 200 cm was mediate clay soil〉mediate loamy soil〉light loamy soil under conventional tillage practices of different soil texture after through an idle summer. Influence of soil texture and sequential autumn crop on water storage content before wheat sowing was soil texture〉sequential autumn crops after through an sowing summer. Water storage content before wheat of different soil tillage practices was shallow rotary st ubbling〉 no-tillage〉subsoiling tillage〉conventional tillge〉all soil layer subsoiling tillage. The maximal water storage content before wheat sowing of stubble of different spring crop was Rehrnannia glutinosa stubble, the secohd was Salvia rniltiorrhiza stubble, the minimum was cotton stubble. The study has provided academic evidence to select soil texture of sequential summer crops, rational soil tillage practices through after idle summer and spring crop stubble for renewing water storage content before wheat sowing.