4David J. Elbaz, The Troubling Entrapment Defense: How about an Economic Approach? American Criminal Law Review, Winter, 1999.
5储怀植.美国刑法:第三版[M].北京大学出版社,2005.95.
6Paul Marcus, presenting, back from the [ almost] dead, the enrapment defense, 47 Fla.L. Rev.. april. 1995.
7State v. Foster, 838 S. W. 2d60, 65 (Mo. Ct. App. 1992), cert. denied, 507 U. S. 994 (1993).
8J. Gregory Deis, Economics, Causation, And The Entrapment Defense, 2001 The University of Illinois Law Review.
9W. H. Johnson, Proving A Criminal Predisposition: Separating The Unwary Innocent From The Unwary Criminal, November, 1993, 43 Duke L. J. 384, "Ⅱ. Proving Predisposition".
10Paul Marcus, The Entrapment Defense section4. 12 (2002) , pp. 136 - 138.
