中国商业银行X-效率实证研究

The Empirical Analysis on the X-Efficiency of Chinese Commercial Banks

本文以中国十四家商业银行1996年至2003年的数据为样本,研究了它们的成本/利润效率状况和演进趋势。经验结果表明,所有制改革产生了一定意义上的积极作用,而政府对于国有制商业银行的挽救和调整在降低其成本方面则取得了不错的效果;中国商业银行部门控制成本的能力显然要好于其创造利润的能力,样本期内成本效率水平的稳步提高与利润效率水平的加速下降形成鲜明对比。本文讨论的一个重要含义是:如何提高和强化商业银行的赢利功能正在成为中国金融改革的主要课题。

In this paper, the cost and profit efficiency level and their evolution of 14 Chinese commercial banks from 1996 to 2003 are investigated. Empirical results indicate that ownership reform has took some significant effect, and the retrieval and adjusting of government also make notable gains in cost efficiency ; However, the authors find the profit efficiency scores are well below cost efficiency levels. That means Chinese commercial banks seem to deal much better on the cost than on the profit side as their expertise in generating profits is not as developed as their ability to supply their services in a cost-saving way. Our paper provides evidence for a important result that, when the opening time of WTO is coming, how to enhance the profit efficiency of commercial banking sector is becoming the main task of Chinese financial reforming.