南非推动义务教育均衡发展的主要机制与措施分析

Mechanism and Measures Adopted to Promote Equity in Compulsory Education in South Africa

义务教育的均衡发展是保障“人人都有接受基础教育的权利”的重要体现,为此,南非政府通过采取许多机制和措施来切实推进义务教育的均衡发展。教育经费的均衡分配和教师资源的均衡配置,是保障义务教育均衡发展的两个重要方面。针对弱势群体采取行动和各种措施,是义务教育均衡发展得以落实的关键。通过采取各项措施,南非的义务教育均衡发展状况有了一定的进步,其主要机制和措施对我国推进义务教育均衡发展具有重要启发意义。

Equity in compulsory education is the important indication of ensuring ＂everyone has the right to basic education＂. South African government tries to advance equity in the development of compulsory education by adopting several mechanisms and measures. The equitable allocation of educational finance and teacher resource are important to guarantee equity in the development of compulsory education. Additional, it is also crucial to take concrete actions and measures to ensure the disadvantaged children＇s access to education. After having implemented some feasible measures, the situation of equity in compulsory education in South Africa has changed much for the better. Mechanisms and measures adopted by South Africa could offer some reference to China.