Cd Pb污染对烤烟ATP酶活性及烟叶品质的影响

Effect of Cd,Pb Pollution on ATPase Activity and Quality of Tobacco Leaves

盆栽条件下研究了土壤中镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)污染对烟草ATP酶活性及烟叶品质的影响。结果表明,随着Cd浓度的增加,烟草根、叶中ATP酶活性逐渐降低;随着Pb浓度的增加,烟草根、叶中ATP酶活性均于150mg·kg-1时活性最大,以后均逐渐降低;ATPase活性与烟叶中烟碱和钾含量均呈显著或极显著正相关,与Cd、Pb浓度呈负相关。烟叶化学成分中,氮/碱比升高,化学成分组成趋于不协调,不利于烟叶香吃味的形成。

In order to understand the mechanism of the effect of Cd, Pb pollution on ATPase activity and quality of tobacco leaves, pot experiments were carried out at the Research Station of Henan Agricultural University, using Yunyan 85 as the experimental material, with 15 kg of sieved soil in each 36 cm×42 cm pot. Prior to sowing 3 g of N, 4.5 g of P205 and 9 g of K2O were applied to each pot. 3, 6, 10, 30, 60, 100 mg·kg^-1 Cd（Ae）2 and 150, 300, 450, 600, 750, 1000 mg·kg^-1 b（Ac）2 were applied to each pot after transplanting, respectively, and clean water was used as the control. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. The contents of reduetive sugar, total N, nicotine and kalium in tobacco leaves, and ATPase activity in tobacco roots and leaves, were determined according to standard methods in the literature. The results showed that ATPase activity decreased gradually with the concentration of Cd increasing; and it increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of Pb concentration, and reached a peak at Pb of 150 mg·kg^-1. Significantly positive correlations were found between ATPase activity and contents of nicotine and kalium in tobacco leaves, while, the ATPase activity and contents of Cd, Pb in tobacco leaves showed negative correlations. The ratio of total-N/nicotine increased as the result of enhanced Cd, pb pollution, which led to inharmonious chemical constituents in tobacco leaves and unpleasant aroma from them.