复合生物滤池处理H_2S和NH_3的研究:生物相机理分析

Study on Hydrogen Sulfide and Ammonia Removal by Composite Biofilter:Dominant Population and Mechanism

采用天然斜发沸石和木屑作为复合生物滤池(生物滴滤池+生物过滤池)的填料,研究了该工艺处理含H2S和NH3混合恶臭气体的生物相机理.结果表明:生物滴滤池中形成了由细菌、藻类及原生动物组成的复杂生态系统,而生物过滤池中真菌为优势微生物.生物滴滤池的下层优势菌种主要为葡萄球菌属和球形芽孢杆菌等细菌,中层主要为梨形四膜虫属和肾形虫属,上层主要为钟虫和舟形藻属;生物过滤池优势菌种主要是聚多曲霉菌种.据对复合生物滤池的生物相机理探讨推论,生物滴滤池去除H2S和NH3机理主要是生物链的分级捕食和沸石的吸附-生物再生机理;生物过滤池去除H2S和NH3机理主要是真菌降解.因此,通过控制生物滴滤池和生物过滤池处于不同的环境条件,可使复合生物滤池能高效地同时处理H2S和NH3组成的混合恶臭气体.

The composite biofilter process （a combination of biotrickling filter and biofilter）, taking clinoptilolite and wood chip as the media, was applied to treat the mixed odors （ H2 S and NH3 ）. The predominant organism groups and removal mechanism were studied. The results indicate that the predominant organism groups were a complicated ecosystem including bacteria, protozoa and algae in the biotrickling filter while it was only fungi in the biofilter. Staphylococcal bacteria and Bacillus sphaericus, Tetrahymena and Colpida, Vorticella and Dcranophorus were present at the bottom, middle, and top of biotrickling filter, respectively. The predominant organism groups were mainly Aspergillus sydowii in the biofiher.. The odors removal mechanisms were the bio-chain principle and the adsorption-bioregeneration mechanism of zeolite in the biotrickling filter, and fungi degradation in the biofiher. Therefore, the composite biofiher can be used to treat the mixed odors （H2 S and NH3 ） effectively through controlling the different environments between biotrickling filter and biofiher.