碳纳米管的纯化处理对双马来酰亚胺复合材料性能的影响

Influence of Purified Carbon Nanotubes on Bismaleimide Composites

采用氧化性较强的浓HCI、浓HNO3、溴水、H2SO4-HNO3、K2Cr2O7-H2SO4共5组物质分别对碳纳米管（CNTs）进行纯化处理，以提高碳纳米管／双马来酰亚胺／工烯丙基双酚A（CNTs/BMI/BA）体系的反应活性和基体树脂与CNTS的界面结合能力。并采用TEM、XRD、DSC、SEM等表征了CNTs的5种处理方法对其自身结构的影响以及对BMI树脂体系反应活性、复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明，经HESO4-HNO3处理的CNTs在不破坏其结构的基础上使体系反应活性提高，固化反应放热峰温度降低近15．6℃。1％4# CNTs/BMI/BA、2％4^#CNTs／BMI/BA固化物较原始CNTs/BMI/BA体系冲击强度提高16．92％和23．06％，弯曲强度分别提高7．61％和6．47％。

In this paper carbon nanotubes （CNTs） were separately treated with dense HCI, dense HNO3, bromic acid, HNO3, H2SO4-HNO3, and K2Cr2OT-H2SO4, in order to increase the reaction of CNTs/BMI/BA system and interracial interaction between resin and CNTs. XRD and TEM were used to characterize the structure of carbon nanotubes. The influence of CNTs/BMI/BA on the reaction characteristics was studied using DSC and mechanical properties of the composites were also investigated with CNTs treated by different, acids. It was found that the CNTs treated with mixture of HNO3- H2SO4（4^# CNT） enhanced the reaction of BMI/BA/CNTs system and greatly improved the mechanical properties of bismaleimide resins. When the contents of 4^# CNT in the BMI/BA resin were 1 wt % and 2 wt %, the impact strength increased by 16.92 % and 23.06 %, the flexural strength increased by 7.61% and 6.47 %, respectively, based on those containing neat CNTs.