中国近代以来教师称谓的演变

Evolvement on Teachers' Title after Chinese Modern Society

近代以来,教师的称谓随着时代变革发生了巨大的变化,从洋务运动兴办新式学堂中“教习”到清末的《奏定学堂章程》中“教员”;从建国后的大中小学校中的“老师”,到文革中被批斗的“臭老九”,教师称谓同社会发展密切相连。对近代以来,教育中存在的“教习”、“教员”、“老师”、“臭老九”、“先生”等称谓进行梳理,探讨它们的来历及发展演变过程,对于加深教师称谓的了解,形成尊师重教的良好风尚是有益的。

Tremendous changes in teachers＇ rifle took place in modem times in China. From ＂jiaoxi＂ in YangWu movement to ＂jiaoyuan＂ in the late Qing Dynasty, and from ＂laoshi＂ in the school in new China to ＂ehoulaojiu＂in the Great Culturl Revolution, teachers＇ title was closely related with the social development. The paper makes collation in ＂jiaoxi＂, ＂jiaoyuan＂, ＂laoshi＂, ＂choulaojiu＂, and inquires their origins and evolving process with the hope that the readers could deeply comprehend the teachers＇ title after the modem times in China and a fashion is formed to respect the teacher and pay attention to education.