水稻籼型光敏核不育系HN5S的花培改良

Improvement of PGMS Line HN5S Using Anther Culture

为克服HN5S繁殖困难、自交繁殖种子难脱粒及杂种早衰等缺陷,以幼穗分化单核期的HN5S花药为材料进行花药培养,获得改良不育系15S。人工光温生态鉴定表明,在14.5h、23.5℃,12.5h、23.5℃,12.5h、27.5℃,12.5h、自然温度等条件下,15S的花粉败育度分别为99.55%、98.15%、100%、100%,自交结实率均为0。比较分析表明,短日照条件下,15S花粉不育度比HN5S低;海南冬季繁殖,15S可育花粉率显著高于HN5S,且15S更容易脱粒,可繁殖性得到明显改善。同时,15S更容易配组优质米杂交组合。

To overcome the difficulty in self-pollination reproduction and threshing of HN5S, an indica photoperiod sensitive genic male sterile line, and the senescence of function leaf prior to seed mature of hybrid F1, the anther at the uninucleate stages of panicle development were used to culture in vitro excised from HN5S. An improvement photoperiod sensitive genic male sterile line, named 15S, was acquired from regenerative plants. Identified results in artificial climate showed that its abortive pollen rate reached respectively tto 99.55%,98.15%,100%,100% under the conditions of 14.5h,23.5℃,12.5h,23.5℃, 12.5h,27.5℃,12.5h,natural temperature respectively. By comparison, the rate of pollen sterility of 15S is lower than that of HN5S under short-day. Rate of pollen fertility of 15S was less than that of HN5S at winter season in Hainan island, furthermore seeds of 15S were easier to thresh than those of HN5S. The reproductive trait of 15S was significantly improved. Moreover hybrid combinations with high grain quality were much easier to acquire with 15S as parents.