少年刑事案件的刑法适用

Application of Criminal Law to Juvenile Crime

对少年正确认定刑事责任,对少年犯罪人准确定罪与适用刑罚,是少年刑法制度中的重要问题。我国《刑法》第17条第2款的规定及刑罚在少年刑事案件适用过程中经常出现争议。对其中的主要争议的问题,笔者的看法是:已满14周岁不满16周岁的人,在绑架行为中杀害被绑架人应当负故意杀人的刑事责任,对其奸淫幼女行为的刑事责任应按案件的实际情况具体分析,此年龄阶段的少年不应成为转化型抢劫罪的主体。对少年犯罪从宽处罚原则应结合少年个别化的情况进行适用,无期徒刑应限制适用,财产刑的适用则应综合考虑其适用条件,并坚持“教育为主,惩罚为辅”的原则。

It is of great significance in juvenile criminality to ascertain the criminal liability of a minor and properly convict and punish a juvenile criminal. People often have controversies in application of Article 17 （2） of the Criminal Act of the PRC to juvenile crimes. If one who is up to 14 but less than 16 years old commits a murder in the process of kidnapping he or she shall be liable for intentional killing. However, where he/she rapes a little girl, his/her criminal liability shall be held in accordance with the specific condition of the case. A teenager of such an age should not be deemed as an actor of ＂transforming-typed robbery. ＂ The principle of dealing out lenient punishment to juvenile criminals should be applied in accordance with the specific conditions of the case. Life imprisonment should be restrained. As for financial punishment, we should take a comprehensive consideration and maintain ＂education first, punishment second. ＂