315国道勘察设计中的洪水研究

Study on Flood in Survey and Design of 315 National Highway

315国道依吞布拉克—若羌段水毁灾害问题十分突出,为配合公路改建工程的勘察计,通过对水毁路段野外勘测,在获取沿线主要河流的历史洪水信息基础上,分3种方案分析计算了既定控制节点历史洪水洪峰流量,并确定了历史洪水重现期。在此基础上,采用多种方法计算了控制节点设计洪峰流量和设计洪水位,经分析论证后推荐选用其合理的计算成果作为公路设计的基础依据。本次研究所提出的小汇水区设计洪水计算技术路线和方法为公路、铁路、水利等部门开展类似流域设计洪水分析计算提供了有益的借鉴。

There is serious problem of water destroying at the section between Ruoqiang and Yitunbulake in 315 national highway. In order to cooperate with the survey and design for highway reconstruction project, the study on flood is executed. Based on the field survey for section of water destroying, historical flood information is gained for main rivers, thus flood peak discharge of historical flood for established control node are analyzed and calculated with three schemes, and defined the recurrence period of historical flood. On the basis of the study, design flood peak discharge and design flood level for control node are calculated with many ways. After analysis and demonstration, rational calculation result is recommended as the basis of highway design. Technique route and way, which design flood calculates for small catchment region, are benefit reference for analysis and calculation of design flood in the similar watershed in the department of highway, railway, and water resources and so on.