广州中老年人甲状腺肿大率及与某些因素的相关性研究

Study on the prevalence of goiter associated with some factors in Guangzhou elderly population

目的研究实施食盐碘化后广州老年人甲状腺肿大(甲肿)患病情况及其与某些因素的相关性。方法采用横断面研究方法,电子问卷面对面调查10305名广州50岁以上老年人的基本人口特征指标、社会经济指标和甲状腺疾病史,检查其甲肿患病情况,并分析甲肿与这些因素的相关性。率比较用χ2检验,多因素分析用Logistic回归模型。结果(1)共检出甲肿442人,1级330人,占74.7%,2级112人,占25.3%,总的甲肿率为4.3%,女性5.1%(369人),明显高于男性2.4%(73人)。(2)多因素回归分析结果提示性别、甲状腺疾病史和不同文化程度等是老年人甲肿的主要影响因素,患甲肿危险女性是男性的1.81倍,曾患甲状腺病是未患甲状腺病的5.43倍,初中文化以上是小学文化以下的1.25倍。结论现阶段广州老年人碘营养比较适中,女性和有甲状腺疾病史者患甲肿的危险性较高。

Objective To study the prevalence of goiter associated with some factors in Guangzhou after the implementation of universal salt iodization. Methods With cross-sectional study, the electronic questionnaire was used to investigate basic demographic indexes, socioeconomic indexes and the history of thyroid diseases in 10305 Guangzhou elderly people who aged 50 and more by face to face interview. The prevalence of goiter was got by thyroid palpation, and the relationship between the prevalence and factors mentioned above was analyzed. Chi-square test was used to test the difference of the rates, and Logistic regression model was used to do multi-factors analysis. Results （1） Overall, 442 cases of thyroid large were found, including I grade 330, formed 74.7%, and Ⅱ grade 112, formed 25.3%. The prevalences in total, female and male were 4.3%, 5.1% （369 cases） and 2.4% （73 cases） respectively, The prevalence was significantly higher in the female than that in the male. （2）The results of multi-Logistic regression showed that gender, history of thyroid diseases and education were the main impact factors. The risks suffered from goiter in the female, in those who had ever suffered from thyroid diseases and in those who were middle school education and higher were more 1.81 times, 5.43 times and 1.25 times than those in the male in those who had never suffered from thyroid diseases and in those who were primary school education and lower respectively. Conclusion The iodine nutrition of Guangzhou elderly population was fairly moderate. Female and those who had ever suffored from thyroid diseases got a higher risk suffering from goiter.