三个不同养殖群体金鱼遗传多样性的RAPD分析

Genetic diversity of three cultured populations of goldfish revealed by RAPD method

采用随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）方法对金鱼3个不同地区养殖群体一天津塘沽（TJ）、江苏苏州（JS）及福建福州（FZ）群体各20ind的DNA多态性进行了分析。在事先优化的反应条件下，所使用的100个随机引物中，有14个引物扩增出清晰稳定的片段，共计103条，大小在200～2500bp，其中多态性片段27条。金鱼总的DNA多态位点百分率为26．21％。数据分析结果显示，3个金鱼群体内遗传多样性偏低，遗传相似度为0．9519～0．9785。金鱼3个群体总的Nei基因多样性指数为0．1061，Shannon信息指数为0．1547。金鱼3个群体间平均遗传距离为0．0375，基因分化系数Gst为0．243，表明3个养殖群体间产生了一定程度的遗传分化。UPGMA法和NJ法的聚类分析显示，两者结果一致。TJ群体和JS群体优先聚类，再与FZ群体聚类。

DNA polymorphism of twenty individuals of Goldfish, each of them from three cultured populations such as Tianjin population （ TJ）, Suzhou population （ JS ） and Fuzhou population （ FZ ） were analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） technique. Under predetermined optimal reaction conditions,the amplifications gave 103 reproducible and stable fragments ranging from 200 bp to 2 500 bp using 14 random primers selected from 100 ones. The average percentage of polymorphic loci to total DNA of three populations was 26.21%. The results indicated that the genetic diversity of Goldfish was poor. The inter-population genetic similarity indexes were ranzed from 0.951 9 to 0. 978 5. There was an average for three nonulatinns that the Nei＇ S value of gene diversity was 0. 106 1 and the Shannon＇ S information index was 0. 154 7. The gene differentiation coefficient（Gst） of 0. 243 indicated that there was genetic differentiation of a certain degree among them. Clustering analysis by UPGMA method and NJ method showed that TJ and JS were clustered with priority, and finally they clustered with FZ population. Both results were accordant.