GPS静态绝对定位方程的相对论修正

Relativistic Correction of the Static Absolute Position Equation of the GPS

分析了全球定位系统(GPS)的静态绝对定位原理.在认为地球周围的引力场为静态球对称分布、卫星质量忽略不计且作圆周运动、其他天体对时空结构的影响忽略不计的情况下,把地球引力场对定位信号传播的影响加以考虑,得到了更加严格的GPS静态绝对定位方程.同时对修正量作了估算,发现定位信号系统在地球引力场中传播的时空弯曲效应非常微弱,修正量约为毫米-厘米的量级.并且指出了现行全球卫星定位系统运用广义相对论对卫星钟进行修正的方法,在理论上与广义相对论的观测量理论不符.

The static absolute position principle of Global Position System （GPS） is analyzed. The more strict equations of the GPS static absolute position are obtained, by considering the effect of the transmission of signal in earth＇ s gravitation, on the condition that the earth＇ s gravitation is static and spherically symmetric. The satellites ＇ mass can be ignored and the satellites move in circular orbits. The effects of the other celestial bodies on the space- time can be neglected. And then the values of the correction quantities is estimated. The correction quantities are very small, about at the orders of magnitude from mm to cm. Moreover, the current GPS＇ s corrections to the satellite clocks are not correspondent theoretically with the theory of measurement of general relativity.