从“化民成俗”到“国民教育”——论张之洞的教育观

From "Moralize Folk" to "National Education"——On Zhang Zhi-dong's Viewpoint of Education

张之洞一生重视教育。他的早期教育观基本上是属于儒家传统的“化民成俗”。但是,随着社会的变化以及出于开新等治国需要,他对教育的作用有了新的看法,并在这一基础上积极开展教育活动,自觉或不自觉地赋予了教育新的功能。由此逐渐形成了他的国民教育观。总之,他是中国教育史上提倡国民教育的第一人。

Zhang Zhi -dong made account of education in his life. The his early viewpoint of education belonged to the ＂Moralize Folk＂ of Confucianist. But, With society transformation and demand of governing the country, he had new opinions on impact of education and carryed out his education activity on this basis, and endowed some new functions to education consciouly or inconsciously. And he gradually camed to his own viewpoint of Na- tional Education. In a word, He was the first man who called for National Education in the history of Chinese education.