表面工程技术应用于蒸发器的防垢及沸腾传热强化的研究进展

Progress on fouling prevention and enhancement of boiling heat transfer in evaporator with surface engineering technique

对传统的表面工程技术和纳米表面工程技术在蒸发器等换热设备的防垢和沸腾传热强化方面的研究进展进行了综述。分析了采用磁控溅射、离子注入、化学复合镀、分子自组装等表面工程技术制得的低能表面,包括纳米涂层传热表面的防垢或强化沸腾传热的功效。认为应用表面工程技术的难点在于如何制备既能防垢又能强化沸腾传热的优良传热表面;高黏物系的污垢形成规律和表面抗垢机理研究,应用纳米表面工程技术进行防垢和强化沸腾传热研究是今后的重要研究方向。

This review focuses on the progress of fouling prevention and enhancement of boiling heat transfer in evaporator with traditional and nanometer surface engineering techniques. The anti-fouling and heat-transfer enhancement functions of the heat-transfer low-energy surfaces, including the coatings surface with nanometer materials prepared by using the magnetron sputter, ion implantation, electroless plating, molecule self-assembly techniques are analyzed. It is considered that the difficulty is to prepare a surface that can both prevent fouling and enhance boiling evaporation. Scale formation and antifouling mechanism of treated surface for the liquid system with high viscosity, and the application of the nanometer surface engineering method should be emphasized in the future work.