乾嘉考据学派对20世纪新历史考据学的影响

The Influence of Qian-Jia School's Diplomatology on the New Historical Diplomatology in the 20th Century

20世纪新历史考据学不只是受西方史学影响,而且与乾嘉考据学有直接的联系。乾嘉考据学派与西方近代史学多有相通之处,20世纪的历史考据学治史所采用的理念和方法既来源于西方,也来源于中国传统史学。乾嘉考据学派对近代中国史学产生了重大影响,许多学者传承了乾嘉考据学的精神和方法,在借鉴传统史学优长的基础上引进西方史学的理念与方法,从而构建了新的理论体系。在民族史学近代化过程中,史学的转型离不开民族文化的载体,而乾嘉考据学本身的生命力适应了近代史学转型的要求。

The traditional viewpoint believed that it was the Western learning that affected the transformation of the new historical diplomatology in the 20th century. There were some identical views between Qian-Jia textual research shool and the modem Western history. The theories and methods of the new historical diplomatology in the 20th century came from not only the Western but also traditional Chinese history. Qian-Jia textual research shool exerted a great influence on modem Chinese history. Modem scholars absorbed the reasonable factors of Qian-Jia textual research shool. Based on drawing lessons from the good qualtities of traditional history, they imported advanced Western theories and methods and built new theory system. In the process of modernization of national history, the transformation of modem history could not depart from the vehicle of national civilization, and the vitality of Qian-Jia textual research shool adapted to the requirement of transformation of modem history.