毛白杨优树基因资源形态性状的遗传多样性研究

Genetic Diversity Study on Morphological Characteristics of Plus Tree Gene Resources of Populus Tomentosa

从毛白杨全分布区１０省市选出了１０４７株优树，分别收集其根和花枝作为繁殖材料，建立两种形式的基因库：档案库和标本园。以花枝标本园中５８０个毛白杨无性系为对象，调查９年生各种形态性状，计算其多样性指数，并进行变异分析和方差分析，同时分析优树调查登记在中各种形态性状的变鼻。结果表明：皮色、皮孔排列、皮孔大小和叶形４种形态型中，河南和陕西种源的多样性指数大于山西和甘肃种源；优树间在煤污病、通直度等性状上的变异系数较大，有很大的选择潜力，而物候期和叶片性状的变异较小；在９个主要形态和物候性状上，种源间的变异占８５％以上，而种源内无性系间差异不显著。

plus trees were selected from the whole distribution region including 10 provinces and cities ofPopulus tomentosa, and two kinds of gene pool named clonal archive and arboretum were respectively estab-lished by collecting root segments and flower branches of each plus tree,By investigating some 9-year-oldmorphological characters in the arboretum with 850 clones and some phenotypic variation in the register formof plus trees,diversity indexes,variation and variance components were calculated or analysied.It is revealedthat two diversity indexes of the provenances from Henan and Shanxi are bigger than from shaxi and Gansu inthe colour of bark,the arrange and size of bark hole,the shape of forliage,In the phenophase and some im-portant characters of foliage,the coefficiency of variation of coal pollution disease and straightness are larger,which stands for good potentity in selection, The variations betwwen provenance in 9 mainly morphologicaland phenological charcters are over 85 peroent, and no significant exists among clones in provenance。