资本深化对就业的影响及其原因分析

Impacts of capital deepening on employment and the reasons behind

首先运用经济增长理论分析资本深化与经济增长及就业的关系,并通过对中国现实数据的考察得出中国出现明显资本深化的结论。在此基础上分析资本深化对就业的负面影响。分析认为,中国经济增长主要由资本增长推动,依赖的是资本高投入。由于投资逐渐向资本密集型产业集中,从而导致资本吸纳就业能力的不断弱化,甚至出现了资本排挤就业的情况。本文对资本深化的原因进行了分析,认为,中国出现资本深化,既与中国所处发展阶段(工业化加速发展)有关,又与资源配置机制有关,另外,要素价格的人为扭曲也是重要原因。

This paper first uses economic growth theory to analyze the relationships between and economic growth and employment, and, through an examination of China＇s related figures capital deepening , draws a eonelusion that capital deepening exists in China＇s economy. On the basis of this, this paper investigates the negative effects of capital deepening on employment. China＇s economic growth is mainly driven by capital. With capital being concentrated on capitalincentive industries, employment absorption ability of capital declines. The capital deepening of China is related with the development period （industrialization is speeding up）, and is also attributed to the resource allocation mechanism. Distortion in price of production factors is an important reason as well.