体育竞赛中运动员的心理障碍与训练

Athlete's Psychological Obstacles in Sports Competition and Psychological Training

体育比赛中,随着各运动项目技术的不断提高,运动员在比赛中表现出来的各种心理问题直接影响到运动员运动技术水平的发挥。如何在赛前以及赛中进行有效的心理调整以保证技术、战术、身体潜力的充分发挥已成为广大教练员、运动员十分关心的问题。运用文献资料法、运动竞技心理状态分析法、个案分析法等,在描述竞赛中常见心理障碍及形成原因的基础上,探讨克服心理障碍的训练方法。

Owing to continuous advancement of sports technologies and skills, athlete＇s psychological obstacles revealed in sports competitions have direct influence on their performance. How to adjust the psychological state before and through the match to bring athletes strategies, skills and potential into full play is becoming the most important concern of both coaches and athletes. Through study of literature, competitive psychological state and individual cases, the paper discussed the common psychological obstacles and their reasons, and proceeded to figure out training methods to overcome those psychological obstacles.