甘草属5种植物根和根状茎的形态解剖学研究

Morphological and Anatomical Studies on Roots and Rhizomes of Five Species in Glycyrrhiza

通过对5种甘草根和根状茎的解剖学研究发现,成长根由周皮和维管组织构成,不同种其木栓层的细胞层数,韧皮纤维束的排列、轮数,导管分布频率,射线形态以及初生木质部在根中央的星散分布状况等方面有所不同;成长根状茎由周皮、维管组织和髓构成.与根相比较根状茎具厚的木栓层,长而粗的导管分子和高的导管分布频率.不同种根状茎其韧皮射线的形态、裂隙的有无,髓、韧皮部及导管内所含单宁物质数量等方面也存在一定差异.根和根状茎在结构上都具抗旱特征,但它们抗旱结构的发达程度不尽相同.

Through the anatomical observation on the roots andrhizomes of 5 species in glycyrrhiza, it resulted that the growingroots consist of periderm and vascular tissue, and that the differencesamong the species mainly consist in the cell layer numbers of corklayer, the arrangement and ring numbers of bast-fiber strands, thevessel distributing freguency , the patterns of ray, and the scattereddistributing state of the primary rylem in the center of the roots,ect; while that growing rhizomes consist of periderm, vascular tissue andmedulla. As compared with root, rhizome is characterized by its thickcork layer, long and thick vessel element and high vessel distributingfrequency. The other characteristics of rhizomes in different speciesare also different to some extent. But structurally the roots andrhizomes all possess the drought resistance,in spite of their differentdeveloped degrees in their drought-resistant structures.