论朱熹《大学章句》的解释特点

On the characteristics of Zhu Xi's Interpretation of the Great Learning

朱熹《大学章句》的特点是:以明德—气禀—复其明德为基本结构,以明德为心的本然之体,从而赋予《大学》一种心性论的诠释。这种高度心性化的经典诠释为道学的发展提供了经典理解的依据。而在朱子的《大学》解释的功夫论中,一方面,格物和诚意居于核心的地位;另一方面,为学次序的关注成为朱子基本的问题意识。简言之,人的为学,必须遵照《大学》以格物为起点的顺序,一切功夫以存天理、去私欲的道德修养为中心。

A basic structure, namely, illustrious virtue-natural disposition-back to illustrious virtue again, and a proposition, with virtue as the natural entity of mind, endow The Great Learning with an annotation of mind-nature theory. This highly mind-nature oriented classic interpretation provides the classic comprehension for the development of neo-Confucianism. But in the methodological theory of the Interpretation of the Great Learning, on one hand, what is in the center is investigating into things and sincerity of the mind; on the other hand, attention to the learning process becomes Zhu Xi＇s basic matter of consciousness. In a word, human learning must follow the process, starting from investigating into things, and the whole endeavor being centered on morality cultivation characterized by the universal justice over personal desire.