当前我国文武人才的地理分布与南北差异

THE REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF PROFESSORS AND GENERALS IN CHINA

作为一种文化现象，人才的空间分布规律体现着人才与经济、历史及地理环境之间的关联性。本文选取１７０００多名教授和１６００多名将军作文武人才的地理分析。教授工作地集中的地区依次为北京、上海、四川、湖北、辽宁、江苏、陕西、广东、吉林、天津，籍贯集中的地区依次为江苏、浙江、四川、辽宁、广东、湖南、山东、河北、天津，主要流入地区为北京、上海、陕西、吉林、黑龙江、天津，主要流出地区为浙江、江苏、河北、河南、福建、广东、山东。将军籍贯分布集中程度比教授更为突出，主要集中在江西、湖北、湖南、安徽、河南、四川、山东、福建、河北、陕西。如以县计，则集中在江西的兴国、永新、吉安，湖北的红安、大梧，安徽的金寨、六安，河南的新县，前面三县属中央苏区，后面五县属鄂豫皖苏区。工作在南方和北方教授数基本平衡，但籍贯在南方的约为北方的两倍，籍贯在南方的将军数为北方的两倍多。这种格局反映了文化大革命前的人才流向。近十年，人才流向和人才格局发生变化，不仅国内毕业生，而且国外留学人员也被吸引到南方沿海开放地区，为此，需要新的办法和政策。

In order to analyse the spatial connection among talent,economy, history and environmrnt,we chose more than 17000 professors and 1600 gengerals as examples to describe their regional destribution.The most concentrated regions of professors are Beijing, Shanghai, Sichuan, Hubei,Liaoning, Jiangsu, Shanxi, Guangdong, Jilin, Tianjin. Classified by their native provinces most of professors concentrate in following provinces: Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Sichuan,Liaoning,Guangdong,Hunan, Shandong,Hebei, Tianjin. Rigions with more professors flowing include Beijing, Shanghai, Shanxi, Jilin, Hcilongjiang, Tianjin. On the contrary, regins with more professors flowing out the zhejiang Jiangsu, Hebei, Henan, Fujian, Guangdong. Shandong.Native provinces of generals are more concentrated than that of Professors. The concentrated regions are Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, Henan, Sichuang, Shangdong, Fujian,Shanxi. On county level, the concentrated counties are Xingguo, Yongxin, Jina in Jiangxi;Hong'an, Dawu in Hubei, Jinzhai, Lu'an in Anhui and Xixian in Henan. The first 3 conuties locate in the former Central Soviet District and the last 5 counties locate in the former E-Yu -Wan Soviet District.The number of professors working in south China is roughly eaqual to that in north China. the number of professors whose native places are in south China is almost twice of that in north China. The number of generals whose native places are in south China is also more than twice of that in nouth China.