田径速度类项目运动员比赛最佳心理状态维度构成及特征研究

The Structure of Optimal Competition Mental Sate and Characteristic of Athletes on Speed Events of Track and Field

对田径速度类项目运动员比赛心理状态及其影响因素进行研究。在参照王智编写的《最佳心理状态问卷》及《体育科学常用量表》的基础上,对该问卷的部分项目及维度进行修正,并进一步调查与分析我国该类项目运动员在比赛最佳心理状态这一问题上的各维度特征。结果表明,控制感、任务挑战性与个人能力的平衡、情绪、自我认知及动作与意识的融合等因素对运动成绩发挥具有较大的贡献作用,与技能类项群相比表现出了一定的差异。

This paper analyzes the optimal competition mental state of athletes on speed events of track and field. Based on optimal competition mental state questionnaire and sports science general parameter revised by WANG Zhi, the author makes modification on some parts and dimensionality of questionnaire, further investigates the each characteristics of optimal competition mental state on those events. The result shows that sense of control, mission challenge, the balance of individual ability, emotion, self- cognition, motion and consciousness combination has significant influence on performance. It has certain different with skill dominated events.