火烧、施氮肥对结缕草种子产量和质量的影响

Effects of Burning and Nitrogen Application on Seed Production and Seed Quality of Zoysia grass

在山东胶州对结缕草(Zoysia japonica)进行火烧和施氮肥试验。结果表明:火烧后结缕草提前1周返青,生殖枝数和抽穗率分别为2621/m2和28.26%,而对照为1178/m2和23.46%,二者差异极显著(P<0.01);火烧+施氮肥(秋季20 N/hm2+春季10 kg N/hm2)生殖枝数和抽穗率显著高于火烧、不施肥;火烧极显著提高了种子数/生殖枝、结实率和种子产量(P<0.01),极显著降低了种子空瘪率(P<0.01),其中火烧+施氮肥效果最好;火烧使结缕草种子发芽势(发芽率)、发芽指数和活力指数均有极显著提高(P<0.01)。

The experiments of burning and nitrogen applying in the seed field of Zoysia grass （Zoysia japonica Steud. ） were conducted at Jiaozhou of Shandong Province. The results show that the burnt Zoysia grass recovered in Spring a week earlier than the normal time Zoysia grass turning green. Moreover, the burnt Zoysia grass fertile tillers increased to reach 2621 fertile tillers/m^2 with a heading percentage of 28. 26N, compared to the not burnt Zoysia grass＇ 1178 fertile tillers/m^2 and heading percentage of 23.46%. The difference between burning and no burning treatment was significant （P〈0. 01）. The number of fertile tillers and heading percentage of Zoysia grass with burning treatment plus N- apPlication（Autumn 20 N/hm^2＋next Spring 10 N/hm^2） increased much more than those of zoysia grass with only burning treatment which though boosted the number of seeds/fertile tiller, setting percentage, and seed production and reduced the percentage of shriveled seed （P〈0. 01）. The treatment of burning plus N-application （Autumn 20 N/hm^2＋ next Spring 10 N/hm^2） was the best. The germination rate （standard germination）, germination index, and vigor index of Zoysia grass seeds harvested in burnt field rose significantly（P〈0.01）.