装修材料销售场所室内空气污染状况调查

Investigation on indoor air pollution of ornamental materials markets

目的了解装修材料销售场所室内空气中有害物质污染状况,为制订防治对策提供依据。方法检测30家装修材料销售店,分别对其室内空气中甲醛、挥发性有机物(VOCs)进检测。结果各类装修材料销售店室内空气中甲醛、VOCs浓度均高于室外对照(P<0.05);甲醛最高值约为室外对照的70倍,VOCs最高值为室外对照的20倍。通风状态甲醛、挥发性有机物低于不通风状态(P<0.05),尤其是甲醛相差悬殊。面积50 m2以下的销售店甲醛、挥发性有机物的超标率高于面积50 m2以上的销售店(P<0.05)。结论装修材料销售场所室内空气中甲醛、挥发性有机物污染严重,其污染的程度与销售装修材料的类型、店面大小、通风状况等有关。

Objective To understand the indoor air pollution condition in decorating materials markets, and to offer the corresponding preventive measures. Methods To survey 30 sale stores and detect the concentration of formaldehyde and volatility organic compounds （VOCs） in their indoor air. Results In sales stores with different decorating material, the con- centration of formaldehyde and VOCs were higher than that of outdoor air （P 〈 0.05）, and the tallest values were 70 times and 20 times more than the value of outdoor air, respectively. The rates above standard of formaldehyde and VOCs in unventilated condition were higher than in ventilated condition （ P 〈 0.05）, especially formaleehyde differ particularly. The rate above standard of the area below 50 m^2 was higher than above 50 m^2 （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The indoor air of the ornamental materials markets are badly polluted by formaldehyde and VOCs, and the degree of pollution is correlated to the ornamental material category, the area and ventilation of sale stores.