国产重要阔叶树村纹孔的超微构造研究

STUDIES ON THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF PITS IN MAIN CHINESE HARDWOODS

利用直接碳复型和超薄切片技术，在透射电镜下观察了我国与种（隶２８属、１５科）阔叶树材的纹孔超微构造。其中有１０种（隶８属、４科）木材维管间具缘纹孔膜具纹孔塞，其余不具纹孔塞。纹孔膜上微纤丝排列有３种类型：随机排列、辐射状排列、平行排列。维管间具缘纹孔室内有５种具附物，１９种具瘤状物。以上特征有木材识别价值。在新鲜材和部分脱木素的试样中１７种木材的管间具缘纹孔膜和半具缘纹孔膜有明显开孔，直径０．０４—０．１９μｍ。新鲜村单纹孔的纹孔膜有胞间连丝存在，膜上有微孔。还讨论了阔叶树材具缘纹孔在系统发育中的变化。

An electron microscopic study was undertaken on the pit structure of 15 families, 28 genera and 45 spelles in hardwoods of China using ultrathin section and direct carbon replicas. Intervascular pit membranes with torns were found to be present in 10 species from 8 genera belonging to 4 families,but pit membranes were flat in the remainder.Microfibrils orientation on the pit membranes could be classified in 3 type:random;radio;paralled orientation.The vestures and warts in intervascular pit chamber separately ware fourd in 5 and 19 species.The above-mentioned characters have a value for the classification of wood.The intervascular pit membranes of bordered and half bordered pits in 17 fresh and delignified woods contain distict openings which diameter were 0.04-0.19μm. Plasmothesmata and fine pore were present on the simple pit membrand of fresh woods. The variation in phylogeny of the pit membrane of bordered pits in hardwoods was also discussed.