英汉“缓步”类动词的语义成分及词化模式分析

An Analysis of the Semantic Components and Lexicalization Patterns of English and Chinese "Walk" Type Verbs

本文采用词化理论和语义成分分析,着重讨论了英汉“缓步”类动词概念意义的语义成分和词化模式。研究发现英汉“缓步”类动词在语义成分和词化模式上既存在普遍性,又存在特殊性,核心语义成分决定同义词的语义场归属,外围语义成分区分同义词之间的差异;文章同时对Talmy的词化模式理论提出修正,指出词化模式不宜作为语言类型分类的惟一标准;通过对英汉“缓步”类动词的研究发现,英汉运动事件动词的词化模式应为“动作+方式(原因)+X”。

Through the analysis,the author finds:(1) there are universals and particulars,the key semantic component determining the semantic field of the word and the minor components differentiating synonyms;(2) some modifications should be made of the Talmy-proposed theory of Lexicalization Patterns of event motion verbs: lexicalization pattern cannot be regarded as the sole criterion of language typology and the lexicalization pattern of event motion verbs in English and Chinese should be 'motion+ manner(cause)+X'.