强沙尘暴发展与干飑线——黑风暴形成的一个机理分析

DEVELOPMENT OF THE STRONG DUST STORM AND DRY SQUALL LINE A MECHANISM ANALYSIS ON GENERATING BLACK STORM

该文分析了１９９３年５月５日黑风暴的发展过程和景观以及天气形势，研究了干飑线和强冷锋前干飑线发展同黑风暴爆发的关系。分析结果指出：由于强冷锋过境时冷锋前干飑线移至被强烈太阳辐射加热的地表以及条件不稳定大气层结地区，干飑线进一步发展致使黑风暴爆发。黑风暴的沙墙是类似于飑线阵风锋面的干飑线沙暴锋面。它是阵风锋面前沿反向上升气流卷起干燥地表尘沙而形成的。

Development process of the black storm on May 5,1993 and the relation of development of squall line to the black storm are analysed. The results show that there exists a dry squall line in front of the cold front cloud system on May 5,1993,and the dry squall line develops further into explosive the black storm as it moves in desert area, in which the ground surface is strongly heated by solar radiation and the atmosphere is unstable stratification. Air flow ahead of the gust front rolls up dry sand on ground surface to generate sand wall of black storm.