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陆地棉三体的诱发、鉴定、研究和利用 Ⅰ.5个三体的起源、鉴定及其形态 被引量:8

Studies of Trisomic Plants in Upland Cotton I . Origin,Cytological Identification and Their Phenotypes
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摘要 本文首次对5个陆地棉三体的起源、形态及减数分裂中期Ⅰ的染色体构型进行了研究。辐射造成染色体提早解离和染色体不分离是形成三体的细胞学基础。对5个三体的细胞学分析表明:Ftr-2是次级三体,Ftr-4可能是三级三体,Ftr-1,Ftr-3和Ftr-5是初级三体。它们减数分裂时形成三价体的频率为0~41.67%。Ftr-2和Ftr-5具有明显的形态特征,可以根据形态对其进行准确鉴定。通过对Ftr-5与易位系杂交后代三体株的细胞学研究表明:Ftr-5的额外染色体不是A染色体亚组中的第1、3、6、8、10、11、12和13染色体,也不是D染色体亚组中的第14、15、16、19、23和24染色体。三体中其它染色体的易位会降低三体中三价体形成的频率。 The origin, morphology and chromosomal configuration at Metaphase I of 5 tri-somes of Upland cotton were studied for the first time in this paper. The results showed that chromosome non- or ahead-of-time-disjunction induced by irradiation may be the cause leading to the production of trisomic plants. Cytological observation indicated that Ftr-2 is a secondary tri-some,Ftr-4 may be a tertiary one,and Ftr-1, Ftr-3 and Ftr-5 are primary ones. Their trivalent rates ranged from 0% to 41.67%. The morphological characters of Ftr-2 and Ftr-5 are very obvious and could be used to accurately identify trisomic plants in their self-pollinated populations. Cytogenetic analysis by crossing Ftr-5 and a set of 12 translocation lines and analysing the chromosome configuration of the F1's indicated that the extra chromosome of Ftr-5 is neither the 1,3,6,8,10,11,12,and 13 chromosomes of the A subgenome nor the 14,15, 16, 23, and 24 chromosomes of the D subgenome.
出处 《作物学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 1996年第2期147-151,T002,共6页 Acta Agronomica Sinica
关键词 陆地棉 三体 鉴定 形态学 棉花 Upland cotton Trisome Identification Phenotype
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