加油站的烃类VOCs污染及其治理技术

Hydrocarbon VOCs pollution in refueling service station and its control techniques

加油站因储运轻质油品而产生的烃类VOCs对健康、环境、安全以及油品质量等带来了一系列负面影响。发达国家的常规治理措施主要是进行密闭卸油和密闭发油,对加油站的设备安装、管线布置、运营管理等都有一些具体要求;进入21世纪后美国又提出了强化加油站油气回收处理的观点,相应的技术、设备及法规也都日益健全。国内目前对加油站烃类VOCs污染的治理工作与发达国家相比差距很大,应该尽快从烃类VOCs回收处理的专用膜分离装置入手进行相关研究和产品开发。

The hydrocarbon VOCs generated by the light-density fuels during the process of storage and transportation in refueling service station can bring about a series of negative influences to health, environment, safety, fuel quality,etc. The conventional measures for controlling hydrocarbon VOCs pollution by western developed countries are the enclosed fuel unloading and enclosed fuel dispensing through vapor balance system, some special requirements such as the equipment installation, the pipeline layout, the dispensing operation and administration should be met in this case. At the beginning of the 21^st century, the CARB put forward the concept of enhanced vapor recovery, the corresponding technology, equipment and governmental legislation have been improved gradually so far. As to the refueling service stations in domestic, there exist big gaps compared with developed countries. Therefore, the specific membrane separation unit suitable for hydrocarbon VOCs recovery and processing should be researched and developed as soon as possible.