环境物的“内在价值”——第三种思路

The Third Train of Thought to The Value of Environmental Things

现代西方环境伦理思潮论证环境物内在价值的思路主要有两种一是借鉴传统人类中心主义方法的个体主义价值论;二是试图背离西方个体主义传统的、建立在整体论基础之上的整体主义价值论。但这两种价值论思路,都没能完好地论证环境物的内在价值。环境物“内在价值”论证的第三种思路认为,当把“生态系”这一相对独立的“整体”看作作为主体的“大我”时,一种价值(判断)体系可以根据其目的性要求而建立起来。在这种价值体系中,人和环境一样,都具有“内在价值”,都应当成为道德关怀的对象。

There are two trains of thought to demonstrate the intrinsic value of the surroundings in the modern west environment ethics trend:the axiology of individualism and the axiology of holism.But we can't obtain an environmental ethics we really need from both of them.This essay proposes a third train of axiology.It thinks that we can construct a new system of values upon the idea of “Big I”,“The Whole World” itself.Upon it,we can set up a new environmental ethics we really need.